class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide .title[ # AI and the data revolution ] .author[ ### Thierry Warin, PhD ] --- --- ## Questions - Industrial Revolution 4.0 and quantitative methods? --- ## Table of contents 1. The driving force behind IR 4.0: A.I. 2. A.I.: A technological revolution 3. A.I.: why is it a revolution? 4. Conclusion --- # 1. The driving force behind IR 4.0: A.I. --- # 1. The driving force behind IR 4.0: A.I. ## Industrial revolutions - mechanization - electrification - computerization --- # 1. The driving force behind IR 4.0: A.I. ## The A.I. revolution - The term artificial intelligence (A.I.) was coined by John McCarthy in 1955 in a proposal for a summer research project to be held at Dartmouth in 1956 (McCarthy et al. 1956). - A.I. constitutes a major form of scientific and technological progress, which can generate considerable social benefits as well as economic gains (Agrawal, Gans, and Goldfarb 2018). - A.I. can be understood as a cross-use technology (Brynjolfsson, Rock, and Syverson 2018). --- # 1. The driving force behind IR 4.0: A.I. ## Myths about A.I. (Bentley, 2018) * Myth 1: self-modifying A.I. makes it super-intelligent. - Without the right kinds of problems to solve, intelligence can't emerge or develop (Taylor et al. 2015) * Myth 2: With enough resources (neurons/computers/memory), an A.I. will be smarter than humans - Intelligence requires the right structure * Myth 3: As the speed of computers doubles every 18 months (Moore's Law), A.I. will exploit this computing power and become exponentially more intelligent. - Intelligence requires comprehensive testing --- # 2. A.I.: A technological revolution --- ## 2. A.I.: A technological revolution 1. New geographies 2. New technologies: Industrial Revolution 4.0 --- ## 2. A.I.: A technological revolution ### Building the infrastructure for IR 4.0 > Eric Schmidt has compared the dynamics of A.I. development to the race to the moon. *GS interview (2018). Eric Schmidt: "The artificial intelligence revolution "*. --- ## 2. A.I.: A technological revolution <img src="./figures/fig1.png" width="800px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> --- ## 2. A.I.: A technological revolution <img src="./figures/fig2.png" width="800px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> --- ## 2. A.I.: A technological revolution <img src="./figures/fig3.png" width="800px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> --- ## 2. A.I.: A technological revolution ### From the 4th industrial revolution to society 5.0 <img src="./figures/fig4.png" width="600px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> --- # 3. A.I.: why is it a revolution? --- ## 3. IA: why is it a revolution? <img src="./figures/fig6.png" width="800px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> --- ## 3. IA: why is it a revolution? <img src="./figures/fig7.png" width="800px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> --- ## 3. IA: why is it a revolution? <img src="./figures/fig8.png" width="700px" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> --- ## 3. IA: why is it a revolution? ### Why is it a revolution? A broader perspective 1. Technology - Engineering schools - Sub-areas: A.I., data extraction 2. Mathematics - Applied mathematics - Statistics - Operations research --- ## 3 A.I.: why is it a revolution? ### Why is it a revolution? A broader perspective 3. Facts and figures - Internet of Things - Intelligent mobility - Healthcare sector - (Finance, Insurance, Smart Life, etc.) 4. Brains - More engineers in India than babies born in the U.S. --- # 4. Conclusion --- ## 4. Conclusion - A.I. and data: training in new quantitative methods as a manager in the 21st century. --- ## References - ["Government 4.0 and the pandemic"](https://cmr.berkeley.edu/2020/06/government/) (with de Marcellis-Warin, N, and Munoz, J. M.), *California Management Review Insights*, June 24, 2020 [[DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12580091.v1](https://cmr.berkeley.edu/2020/06/government/)] - ["The use of AI by online intermediation platforms. Conciliating economic efficiency and ethical issues"](https://doi.org/10.21552/delphi/2019/4/11) (with Marty, F.), *Delphi - Interdisciplinary Review of Emerging Technologies*, Vol 2, Issue 4, pp. 217 - 225, 2019 [[DOI: 10.21552/delphi/2019/4/11](https://doi.org/10.21552/delphi/2019/4/11)]